What Is the Spleen?

The spleen is a small but extremely important organ located on the left side of the upper abdomen, just below the rib cage. Although many people are not fully aware of its role, the spleen plays a vital part in immunity, blood filtration, and infection control.

Often called a “blood filter”, the spleen works silently to keep your body healthy. Problems with the spleen can remain unnoticed for a long time, which makes understanding spleen health essential.

Spleen Location in the Human Body

The spleen location is:

• Upper left side of the abdomen

• Behind the stomach

• Below the diaphragm

• Near the left kidney

Under normal conditions, the spleen is not easily felt. However, when it becomes enlarged (a condition called splenomegaly), doctors may feel it during a physical examination.

Functions of the Spleen

The spleen function goes far beyond what most people imagine. Some of its key roles include:

1. Filters Blood

The spleen removes:

• Old or damaged red blood cells

• Abnormal blood cells

• Cellular waste

This helps maintain healthy blood circulation.

2. Strengthens the Immune System

The spleen produces white blood cells (lymphocytes) that fight:

• Bacteria

• Viruses

• Other infections

It also stores immune cells that respond quickly during illness.

3. Stores Blood and Platelets

The spleen acts as a reserve for:

• Blood

• Platelets (important for clotting)

During emergencies like heavy bleeding, it releases stored blood into circulation.

4. Recycles Iron

Iron from old red blood cells is recycled and reused by the body to form new cells.

Common Spleen Diseases and Disorders

Several conditions can affect spleen health. Some of the most common spleen diseases include:

Enlarged Spleen (Splenomegaly)

An enlarged spleen may occur due to:

• Liver disease

• Viral infections (like mononucleosis)

• Blood cancers

• Autoimmune disorders

Symptoms may include:

• Pain in the upper left abdomen

• Feeling full quickly

• Fatigue

Spleen Infection

Bacterial or viral infections can inflame the spleen, causing discomfort and fever.

Ruptured Spleen

A ruptured spleen is a medical emergency, often caused by:

• Road accidents

• Sports injuries

• Falls

Symptoms include sudden severe pain, dizziness, and low blood pressure.

Spleen Cancer

Although rare, cancers such as lymphoma or leukemia can affect the spleen.

Symptoms of Spleen Problems

Many spleen disorders show mild or no symptoms initially. However, warning signs may include:

• Pain or discomfort in the left upper abdomen

• Pain spreading to the left shoulder

• Frequent infections

• Easy bleeding or bruising

• Anemia-related fatigue

• Feeling full without eating much

If these symptoms persist, medical evaluation is important.

How Is Spleen Disease Diagnosed?

Doctors may use:

• Physical examination

• Blood tests

• Ultrasound or CT scan

• MRI imaging

Early diagnosis helps prevent serious complications.

Can You Live Without a Spleen?

Yes, a person can live without a spleen, but with precautions.

After spleen removal (splenectomy):

• The immune system becomes weaker

• Risk of infections increases

Doctors usually recommend:

• Vaccinations

• Preventive antibiotics

• Immediate treatment for fever or infection

Natural Ways to Keep Your Spleen Healthy

Maintaining spleen health is closely linked to overall wellness.

1. Eat a Balanced Diet

Include:

• Fresh fruits and vegetables

• Whole grains

• Lean protein

• Iron-rich foods

Avoid excessive processed and fatty foods.

2. Stay Hydrated

Proper hydration supports blood circulation and organ function.

3. Exercise Regularly

Moderate exercise improves immunity and blood flow.

4. Avoid Alcohol Excess

Excess alcohol damages the liver, indirectly affecting the spleen.

5. Prevent Infections

• Get recommended vaccinations

• Practice good hygiene

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical help if you experience:

• Persistent spleen pain

• Sudden abdominal pain after injury

• Frequent infections

• Unexplained fatigue or anemia

Early care can be life-saving.

Final Thoughts

The spleen may be small, but its role in blood health and immunity is massive. Understanding the functions, diseases, symptoms, and care of the spleen helps you stay proactive about your health.

By maintaining a healthy lifestyle and recognizing early warning signs, you can protect this vital organ and improve overall well-being.